Diagnosing ADHD in the UK
In England, Scotland and Wales the GPs in England, Scotland and Wales are not able to diagnose ADHD. However, they are able to refer you to a specialist in the NHS to conduct an assessment. This is referred to as a "right to choose referral.
An ADHD assessment is usually fairly thorough and may take between 45 and 90 minutes. The psychiatrist may request to complete questionnaires or provide proof like old school documents.
The Assessment
The first step in managing ADHD effectively is to obtain an assessment. People don't know how to manage their symptoms or improve their functioning at work, school and relationships without a diagnosis. People suffering from ADHD exhibit impulsiveness and hyperactivity regularly. However, everyone experiences these behaviors at times, they are not always consistent. They are disorganised and have trouble organizing their time. They procrastinate a lot and have a difficult time trying to meet deadlines despite their best intentions. They might be physically fidgety, inability to remain still, and are easily distracted even when they are enjoying a fun activity. They may also struggle with their memory and forget important events or appointments.
Adults are more difficult to diagnose than children. The DSM-V, the mental health manual doctors use around the world is designed to diagnose children. It's harder to establish ADHD symptoms in adults. The assessment process is based on a series sessions with the specialist.
The doctor will inquire with the patient questions about their behavior throughout their life, focusing on their symptoms and their impact on their lives. They will also interview relatives or close friends if appropriate and if they have consented. This method is especially useful when evaluating an adult for ADHD, as it helps to differentiate the disorder from other medical conditions, such as emotional problems or sleep disorders or autism spectrum disorders, as well as mood swings.
To allow the assessment to be reliable, the person being assessed needs to be honest and open in their answers. They should expect to spend most of their time answering questions. They should bring any documents or paperwork that might be relevant to the examination such as a medical history or a history of medical problems such as allergies or other ailments, along with them. They must be aware that a physician may need to use various tests and questionnaires to make an informed decision.
Medication
For children and adults who are struggling with their ADHD symptoms, medications can help ease their struggles. This usually occurs after an assessment has been completed with a specialist, like paediatricians or psychiatrists. If a diagnosis is made, the specialist can then discuss the best treatment options with you. This could include treatment, medication or an amalgamation of both.
A psychiatrist will look at the symptoms in clusters described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to diagnose ADHD. They will also consider the impact these symptoms have on your daily life. This includes how they impact on your relationships, work and your school and home activities. They will also consider the fact that the symptoms are present since childhood.
Medications for ADHD are usually stimulants, like dexamphetamine and methylphenidate (Ritalin) and they are effective by increasing the quantity of neurotransmitters in the brain. Your doctor may start with the lowest dose, and gradually increase it in line with your symptoms. They will also monitor you for side effects.
It's important that you tell your GP whether you have a history of mental health. This will enable them to determine if your ADHD symptoms may be link ed to any of these ailments.
It isn't uncommon for people with ADHD to have comorbidities such as anxiety or depression. They are also more likely to experience'meltdowns' which occur when they are overwhelmed with emotions. They might cry, shout and scream all at the same time. It's like a child throwing an angry tantrum.
Certain people suffering from ADHD can develop nosebleeds, stomachaches and headaches. It is therefore essential to check for medical issues, like sleep apnea, hearing and vision disorders, thyroid problems and lead poisoning during your assessment. You should also be aware that certain foods and beverages could trigger symptoms similar to ADHD. Avoiding caffeine, sugary, processed foods artificial colours and flavours, as well as sugary, processed foods is an excellent idea. Your psychiatrist can give you tips on how to manage your ADHD symptoms during an assessment.
Shared Management
Many people who suffer from ADHD are unable to perform their jobs and relationships as a result of unmanaged symptoms. These problems may affect their physical health and wellbeing. Therefore, it is essential that they receive the right treatment and guidance from an expert in healthcare who has the experience and training required to manage ADHD.
The NHS offers a range of services to children and adolescents who suffer from ADHD. This includes assessment, medication and assistance. The service is provided by healthcare professionals who have completed specific training in ADHD management, such as Clinical Psychologists and psychiatrists. The assessment of young and children with ADHD may include conducting a detailed psychosocial and developmental history, observation; the use of standardised questionnaires and psychological tests. It may also include consultation with family members and carers.
In the UK those seeking help with ADHD typically encounter a system of gatekeepers who can facilitate or hinder access to treatment and diagnosis. The knowledge and attitude of these gatekeepers, as well as the availability of services will impact the ease with that a child or teen with ADHD can navigate the system.
The attendees of the meeting expressed concern over the long waiting times for CAMHS services and the rejection rates of adolescents suffering from ADHD. When people finally get seen they could receive interventions which are not adapted to meet their specific needs. The representatives of charities reported anecdotal evidence of teenagers with severe comorbidities (such as self-harming behaviors and eating disorders) being refused treatment for these conditions due to the fact that they were symptoms of ADHD instead of a sign of mental distress and the need for immediate intervention.
GPs can refer for an ADHD assessment However, their ability to offer treatment is not as strong. Their role is to assess and diagnose the condition and refer for specialist assessments when necessary. Based on the GP's expertise and experience, he or they may recommend cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or behavioural therapy to manage ADHD symptoms. They might also recommend that the patient seek out private help with an experienced psychologist who specializes in this area of mental health.
Support
In the UK, GPs can assess whether ADHD is likely and refer you to specialists for further evaluation. This includes a complete medical history as well as a look at other health issues, such as anxiety or depression. It is important to consider other causes such as food allergies that could make symptoms worse.
After a diagnosis is confirmed, a medication can be prescribed to ease symptoms. This can be done by taking pills or attending talks therapy sessions. In some cases, dietary changes can also help with the symptoms. People who live with ADHD often find it difficult to find the right help. It is essential to choose a service you trust and that takes the time to get to know your needs. Joining a peer support group for people suffering from ADHD, or getting help as well as support from family and friends is a good idea. They'll be able to discuss about their experiences and brainstorm strategies in conjunction.
Adults who suffer from ADHD might have difficulties receiving the right diagnosis or treatment because certain healthcare professionals have preconceived notions about what a person suffering from ADHD 'looks like'. This could make it difficult for people who belong to minorities to receive the correct diagnosis, particularly in the case of people who are color or were born female.
Certain adults opt for private ADHD assessments to avoid delays and blockages in NHS services and to receive an accurate diagnosis that they can use to apply for professional assistance. Health professionals and GPs may be concerned about the validity and accept treatment based on privately-formulated diagnoses.
Training for primary care practitioners to improve their knowledge of ADHD and how it affects adults may help reduce these issues. It is also essential to provide clear pathways for those who would like to receive treatment and support.
People with ADHD can have a good quality of life if their symptoms are controlled. They can achieve great things and are more likely to be successful in work and school than their peers who don't have ADHD. It's crucial to discuss how you're managing your ADHD with your family, friends and teachers.